Add and substract two numbers without using arithmetic operators

Add two numbers without using arithmetic operators

int Add(int x, int y)
{
    // Iterate till there is no carry  
    while (y != 0)
    {
        // carry now contains common set bits of x and y
        int carry = x & y;  
 
        // Sum of bits of x and y where at least one of the bits is not set
        x = x ^ y; 
 
        // Carry is shifted by one so that adding it to x gives the required sum
        y = carry << 1;
    }
    return x;
}

Subtract two numbers without using arithmetic operators

int subtract(int x, int y)
{
    // Iterate till there is no carry
    while (y != 0)
    {
        // borrow contains common set bits of y and unset bits of x
        int borrow = (~x) & y;
 
        // Subtraction of bits of x and y where at least
        // one of the bits is not set
        x = x ^ y;
 
        // Borrow is shifted by one so that subtracting it from
        // x gives the required sum
        y = borrow << 1;
    }
    return x;
}